Reboot
There are several methods for rebooting, including
- ACPI Reset command
- load a 0-sized IDT and issue an interrupt (that'll triple fault and reset)
- Use the 8042 keyboard controller to pulse the CPU's RESET pin
ACPI reset command
See How does a computer restart itself
Short code to do a 8042 reset
void reboot()
{
uint8_t good = 0x02;
while (good & 0x02)
good = inb(0x64);
outb(0x64, 0xFE);
halt();
}
Annotated code for reboot()
/* keyboard interface IO port: data and control
READ: status port
WRITE: control register */
#define KBRD_INTRFC 0x64
/* keyboard interface bits */
#define KBRD_BIT_KDATA 0 /* keyboard data is in buffer (output buffer is empty) (bit 0) */
#define KBRD_BIT_UDATA 1 /* user data is in buffer (command buffer is empty) (bit 1) */
#define KBRD_IO 0x60 /* keyboard IO port */
#define KBRD_RESET 0xFE /* reset CPU command */
#define bit(n) (1<<(n)) /* Set bit n to 1 */
/* Check if bit n in flags is set */
#define check_flag(flags, n) ((flags) & bit(n))
void reboot()
{
uint8_t temp;
asm volatile ("cli"); /* disable all interrupts */
/* Clear all keyboard buffers (output and command buffers) */
do
{
temp = inb(KBRD_INTRFC); /* empty user data */
if (check_flag(temp, KBRD_BIT_KDATA) != 0)
inb(KBRD_IO); /* empty keyboard data */
} while (check_flag(temp, KBRD_BIT_UDATA) != 0);
outb(KBRD_INTRFC, KBRD_RESET); /* pulse CPU reset line */
loop:
asm volatile ("hlt"); /* if that didn't work, halt the CPU */
goto loop; /* But if a non maskable interrupt is received, halt again */
}