Meaty Skeleton: Difference between revisions
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{{FirstPerson}}
{{You}}
{{BeginnersWarning}}
{{Rating|1
{{Kernel designs}}
operating system in the [[Stan Dard]] style suitable for further modification or
as inspiration for your initial operating system version. The [[Bare Bones]]
tutorial only gives you the absolutely minimal code to demonstrate how to
correctly cross-compile a kernel, however this is unsuitable as an example
operating system. Additionally, this tutorial implements neccesary ABI features
needed to satisfy the ABI and compiler contracts to prevent possible mysterious
errors.
This tutorial also serves as the initial template tutorial on how to
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== Building a Cross-Compiler ==
You ''must'' use a [[GCC Cross-Compiler]] in this tutorial as in the
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mandatory options the project makefile requires:
<
# Default CFLAGS:
CFLAGS?=-O2 -g
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# Add mandatory options to CFLAGS:
CFLAGS:=$(CFLAGS) -Wall -Wextra
</syntaxhighlight>
== Architecture Directories ==
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You can easily download the source code using [[Git]] from the [https://gitlab.com/sortie/meaty-skeleton Meaty Skeleton Git repository]. This is preferable to doing a manual error-prone copy, as you may make a mistake or whitespace may get garbled due to bugs in our syntax highlighting. To clone the git repository, do:
<
git clone https://gitlab.com/sortie/meaty-skeleton.git
</syntaxhighlight>
Check for differences between the git revision used in this article and what you cloned (empty output means there is no difference):
<
git diff 084d1624bedaa9f9e395f055c6bd99299bd97f58..master
</syntaxhighlight>
Operating systems development is about being an expert. Take the time to read the code carefully through and understand it. Please seek further information and help if you don't understand aspects of it. This code is minimal and almost everything is done deliberately, often to pre-emptively solve future problems.
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==== kernel/include/kernel/tty.h ====
<
#ifndef _KERNEL_TTY_H
#define _KERNEL_TTY_H
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/Makefile ====
<
DEFAULT_HOST!=../default-host.sh
HOST?=DEFAULT_HOST
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-include $(OBJS:.o=.d)
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/kernel/kernel.c ====
<
#include <stdio.h>
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printf("Hello, kernel World!\n");
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/arch/i386/tty.c ====
<
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
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terminal_write(data, strlen(data));
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/arch/i386/crtn.S ====
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==== kernel/arch/i386/vga.h ====
<
#ifndef ARCH_I386_VGA_H
#define ARCH_I386_VGA_H
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/arch/i386/make.config ====
<
KERNEL_ARCH_CFLAGS=
KERNEL_ARCH_CPPFLAGS=
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$(ARCHDIR)/boot.o \
$(ARCHDIR)/tty.o \
</syntaxhighlight>
==== kernel/arch/i386/crti.S ====
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==== libc/include/string.h ====
<
#ifndef _STRING_H
#define _STRING_H 1
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/include/stdio.h ====
<
#ifndef _STDIO_H
#define _STDIO_H 1
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/include/sys/cdefs.h ====
<
#ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H
#define _SYS_CDEFS_H 1
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/include/stdlib.h ====
<
#ifndef _STDLIB_H
#define _STDLIB_H 1
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#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/Makefile ====
<
DEFAULT_HOST!=../default-host.sh
HOST?=DEFAULT_HOST
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-include $(OBJS:.o=.d)
-include $(LIBK_OBJS:.o=.d)
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/stdlib/abort.c ====
<
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
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#if defined(__is_libk)
// TODO: Add proper kernel panic.
asm volatile("hlt");▼
printf("kernel: panic: abort()\n");
▲ asm volatile("hlt");
#else
// TODO: Abnormally terminate the process as if by SIGABRT.
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__builtin_unreachable();
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/string/memmove.c ====
<
#include <string.h>
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return dstptr;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/string/strlen.c ====
<
#include <string.h>
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return len;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/string/memcmp.c ====
<
#include <string.h>
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return 0;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/string/memset.c ====
<
#include <string.h>
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return bufptr;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/string/memcpy.c ====
<
#include <string.h>
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return dstptr;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/stdio/puts.c ====
<
#include <stdio.h>
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return printf("%s\n", string);
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/stdio/putchar.c ====
<
#include <stdio.h>
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return ic;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/stdio/printf.c ====
<
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
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return written;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/arch/i386/make.config ====
<
ARCH_CFLAGS=
ARCH_CPPFLAGS=
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ARCH_HOSTEDOBJS=\
</syntaxhighlight>
==== libc/.gitignore ====
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==== build.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
set -e
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(cd $PROJECT && DESTDIR="$SYSROOT" $MAKE install)
done
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x build.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== clean.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
set -e
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rm -rf isodir
rm -rf myos.iso
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x clean.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== config.sh ====
<
SYSTEM_HEADER_PROJECTS="libc kernel"
PROJECTS="libc kernel"
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export CC="$CC -isystem=$INCLUDEDIR"
fi
</syntaxhighlight>
==== default-host.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
echo i686-elf
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x default-host.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== headers.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
set -e
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(cd $PROJECT && DESTDIR="$SYSROOT" $MAKE install-headers)
done
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x headers.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== iso.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
set -e
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EOF
grub-mkrescue -o myos.iso isodir
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x iso.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== qemu.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
set -e
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qemu-system-$(./target-triplet-to-arch.sh $HOST) -cdrom myos.iso
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x qemu.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== target-triplet-to-arch.sh ====
<
#!/bin/sh
if echo "$1" | grep -Eq 'i[[:digit:]]86-'; then
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echo "$1" | grep -Eo '^[[:alnum:]_]*'
fi
</syntaxhighlight>
You should make this executable script executable by running:
<
chmod +x target-triplet-to-arch.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
==== .gitignore ====
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the source tree by invoking:
<
./clean.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
You can install all the system headers into the system root without relying on
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[[Hosted GCC Cross-Compiler]], by invoking:
<
./headers.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
You can build a bootable cdrom image of the operating system by invoking:
<
./iso.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
It's probably a good idea to create a quick ''build-and-then-launch'' short-cut
like used in this example to run the system in your favorite emulator quickly:
<
./qemu.sh
</syntaxhighlight>
== Troubleshooting ==
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* [[topic:36584|A link error found & fixed]]
[[Category:
[[Category:C]]
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